Yup, but Today pretty much people are having similar belief system which is Islam, in the old days many Javanese still have strong bound with pre Islam culture that have relation with Hinduism since Javanese are among the latter who embrace Islam.
I dont think there is any different, I believe Indonesian Today are more educated and because many women are working, so they tend not to have many children, while in the past most women were just house wives like my mother and also all my grandma. And I also think condom also become one of the reason of the decline of the number of children that current parents have.
I dont think so, but in the past there is a belief saying that more children means we are going to get more rizki from God. During Soeharto regime, there is actually effort from the government to urge family to have only two children. They promote that it is better only to have two children in the family, but after we embrace democracy, there is no such thing like that ever getting promoted anymore by government. Despite so, as I said previously, due to more women enter work force and enjoy having a professional life, they tend not to have children more than two to make their life not getting too much difficulty.
Well, I believe all married couple prefer to have children, but some just dont have it due to so many reason. One of my aunt for instant doesnt have any children and she adopted one kid to be her daughter.
Yes, society encourage new married couple to have children but people understand that children is related to Allah will, so society and family in general doesnt push any married people to have baby as soon as possible after they get married although when some one put their new born baby on his/her Facebook account, there will be many people who will congratulate him/her.