Arjun News & Discussions

[HAIDER]

Bangalore: The Indian Army would conduct field trials of the indigenous main battle tank Arjun "in a month or two" along with the T-72 battle tanks, Chief of Indian Army Gen J J Singh said today.

The Army had placed order for 124 Arjun tanks and "we will find out during trials this summer where exactly we can exploit the capabilities of these tanks in the best manner and accordingly, we will use the tanks," he told reporters here.

He admitted that there had been delay in delivery and induction of Arjun but added "I believe when a country makes any state-of-the-art equipment, the production cycle takes a long time."

"But, we are going to try out these tanks and based on their performance, we will be able to decide how best we can exploit them," the Army chief said.

Asked how the Army rated Arjun in its class, he said, "as per the literature, it is supposed to be the state-of-the-art and compares very favourably with the equipment of similar class anywhere in the world." The Arjun tank, he said, had most of the advanced features in its gunnery, firing systems, fire control system, communication system and survivability in an NBC (Nuclear, Biological and chemical) environment.

Asked if, considering the upswing in Indo-US relations, the Indian Army favoured shopping of military equipment from the US, Singh said "it is a government's decision."

He said the Army projects its requirements from the national security point of view and "if it can be produced indigenously, that is our first preference. If not, the second preference is that we produce within our country but get technology from outside and any Public Sector Undertaking or other company can do that. We prefer that."

However, Singh said, if nothing could be done "like this", "then we would like to meet the requirements from imports."

Emphasising that the equipment itself was the "most important criterion," he said, "if it is the best equipment and if we are getting it from them, we will be happy to receive them."

Asked if the Army was "open" to receiving the equipment from the US, he said "yes. We are happy to receive the equipment which is in the best class from any source and it is the

 

[HAIDER]

Bangalore: The Indian Army would conduct field trials of the indigenous main battle tank Arjun "in a month or two" along with the T-72 battle tanks, Chief of Indian Army Gen J J Singh said today.

The Army had placed order for 124 Arjun tanks and "we will find out during trials this summer where exactly we can exploit the capabilities of these tanks in the best manner and accordingly, we will use the tanks," he told reporters here.

He admitted that there had been delay in delivery and induction of Arjun but added "I believe when a country makes any state-of-the-art equipment, the production cycle takes a long time."

"But, we are going to try out these tanks and based on their performance, we will be able to decide how best we can exploit them," the Army chief said.

Asked how the Army rated Arjun in its class, he said, "as per the literature, it is supposed to be the state-of-the-art and compares very favourably with the equipment of similar class anywhere in the world." The Arjun tank, he said, had most of the advanced features in its gunnery, firing systems, fire control system, communication system and survivability in an NBC (Nuclear, Biological and chemical) environment.

Asked if, considering the upswing in Indo-US relations, the Indian Army favoured shopping of military equipment from the US, Singh said "it is a government's decision."

He said the Army projects its requirements from the national security point of view and "if it can be produced indigenously, that is our first preference. If not, the second preference is that we produce within our country but get technology from outside and any Public Sector Undertaking or other company can do that. We prefer that."

However, Singh said, if nothing could be done "like this", "then we would like to meet the requirements from imports."

Emphasising that the equipment itself was the "most important criterion," he said, "if it is the best equipment and if we are getting it from them, we will be happy to receive them."

Asked if the Army was "open" to receiving the equipment from the US, he said "yes. We are happy to receive the equipment which is in the best class from any source and it is the decision of the government.

 

[HAIDER]

Moderator can you please delete this post...posted twice same thread,
my fault

 

[Keysersoze]

*India's Arjun MBT remains on the starting block
An Indian parliamentary committee has urged the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) to seek foreign assistance to overcome continuing problems with the Arjun main...
23-Mar-2007

http://jdw.janes.com/public/jdw/index.shtml

 

[EagleEyes]

Post all the updates here.

 

[Keysersoze]

Another intersting post on Tanks in general. (including the Arjun) got it from IDF


The media has recently been criticizing the Arjun for its cost, developmental problems, weight, lack of indigenous components, and the fact that the army has no “requirement” for it. They conveniently nit pick about Arjun’s finances and DRDO’s inefficiencies but they quietly leave out details about the T-90 purchase. For example, the government choosing to deal with Rosvoorouzenie instead of Uralvagonzavod State United Enterprises, despite the formers 15-20 percent higher price tag. When questioned, “The official explanation for routing purchase through Rosvoorouzenie, however, is that it is the nodal agency for all defense deals with Moscow and that New Delhi has been dealing with it since its inception.” The government has not made any further comments on why they made this decision. Compare the T-90 to the T-72 and it is easy to see differences and similarities. The Indian Army needed modern MBTs to keep up with Pakistan’s later acquisitions; however, the already existent T-72M1 Ajeya, if upgraded to the “s” standard, had the capacity to mount the T-90 fire control system, newer 125 mm tank gun, 1000hp engine, guided anti tank rounds, SBIR and anti-tank guided missile protective system. This would be about 5 or 6 crores cheaper than the T-90 for each model. Although the T-72’s upgraded FCS and thermal sights have also proven to be a problem, army personnel believe that these can be rectified with the addition of an air-conditioning unit that would keep temperatures in the tank down. Arjun’s detractors also are quick to state that it did poorly in army trials and tests. The reason could be attributed to the comprehensive nature of the testing; it remains to be seen if this same level of testing was conducted upon the T-90s before their rushed induction. “Initially, the tank engines worked well, as the trials were being conducted at night. Problems, however, emerged once daytime trials began, with the power packs de-rating and at least one of three tank engines suffering extensive damage in high desert temperatures.” Despite the problems encountered, the MOD went ahead with the acquisition of the tank, dismissing the objections as “easily fixable.” The Arjun on the other hand suffered engine failures only after rigorous testing in the middle of the day. Also, one must take into account the dimensions of the engine. The T-90’s power-plant was in the 800hp class and had to propel 40 tons; whereas, the Arjun’s 1400hp power-plant had to push along 58 tons. The Arjun's powerplant operated under much more stress.

The Army’s solution, to the FCS problem, was to integrate the Catherine TI sight with the IG-46 from Belarus, which further delayed indigenous licensed production. The T-90 was rushed into service under the pretense of “national security.” According to the government, the country could not wait for DRDO’s Arjun to be ready. Instead, the induction and production of an overpriced foreign tank, which had not been tested thoroughly in all situations and climates, was to be integrated. Ideally, the T-90 would have been integrated into the defense industry quickly and production would be in full swing. The reality is very different with full production still years away: “The T-90’s IG-46 sights were to be made at the Opto Electrics Factory at Dehra Dun, the gun at the Ordnance Factory Board facility at Rishikesh and its 1,000-horsepower engine by Bharat Earth Movers Ltd. All the three projects stand deferred, official sources said.” In the past, India’s license production T-72 Ajeyas has had certain complaints regarding quality. “In order to manufacture T-72 tanks, Heavy Vehicles Factory (HVF), Avadi procured 1237 sets of hydraulic control system (Code-66), from Hindustan Machine Tools (HMT) Ltd., Ajmer between August 1993 and April 2000 against four supply orders of Ministry of Defense placed between September 1987 and February 1999. Code-66 items comprised of value device, pipeline assembly etc. Indian Army had complained about the failure noticed in Code-66 ex-HMT assembled in T-72 Tanks. A meeting was therefore arranged in December 2000 between HMT, Controller of Quality Assurance/Heavy Vehicles, Avadi and HVF and it was held that though some damages could have been caused to some components in transit, poor quality of Code-66 ex-HMT could not be ignored. It was therefore decided to backload all the available stock of pipelines/hoses held by HVF to HMT for revalidation of quality problem and also for servicing/rectification.” What assurances are there that we will not see similar or even newer problems with the domestically produced T-90s? The government is naïve to think that the army’s MBT problems are solved by making outright purchases and by signing production deals. If the MOD continues to overlook quality control procedures and does not impose stringent regulations, new problems will continually arise with the T-90 and licensed production will be further delayed.

The government approved an additional purchase of 300 T-90s because of delays in assembly. The justification: the need for modern MBTS to replace the Vijayantas and T-55s and that these newer acquisitions would tip the armored scales in India’s balance. The newer acquisition T-90s are still facing glitches and are generally considered not “battle-worthy.” The T-90s have not met their objectives through a lack of ammunition, continuing technical problems with the FCS, and continual delays with the production line. “Initially, the T-90S fired Russian-made AMK-338 and AMK-339 rounds, but these were soon exhausted in training and presently the tanks are without any ammunition as their 125 mm smoothbore guns have not yet been configured to fire the locally manufactured AMK-340 rounds.” The AMK-340 rounds have been a source of controversy. As a result of factory defects, IA had to discard almost 150,000 rounds as AMK-340 rounds have caused barrel bursts, which have resulted in serious injury and death among army personnel. The other main justification for the T-90 purchase was the transfer of technology. The AT-11 Sniper provided the T-90s with a 5km reach on enemy tanks and helicopters. The superior ERA and electronic counter measures gave it a much higher survival rating than the previous Ajeyas. In the original deal, the Indian T-90s did not come with the Shtora suite; however, it is reported that the Indian govt. is in negotiation for Shtora systems for the additional T-90s and for upgraded BMPs. It would have been cheaper to have ordered the Shtora systems along with the original deal from the factory. The AT-11 sniper (Russian designation refleks) had its share of technical problems as well. “Secunderabad-based Bharat Dynamics Ltd (BDL), which was scheduled to start production of 9M119 Refleks missiles for the T-90 early this year, has also fallen badly behind schedule amid failed trials. BDL is believed to have sought technical assistance from the Russians in building the Refleks.” In comparison, the Arjun has already been integrated with the Israeli Lahat and historically, the Israelis have proven to be more reliable with spares and more competent with technical assistance.

DRDO’s critics have expressed their frustration over the issue of accountability and the fact that DRDO needs better planning. The T-90 deal is the epitome of bad planning and miscommunication on several levels. On the home front, we have the technical delays and glitches, the fact that we are overpaying the Russians for each tank, the rushed service (based on in-sufficient testing) and inadequate steps to making HVF more efficient. On the Russian side, “many accessory manufacturers of 'Uralvagonozavod' were not ready for realization of such a large project. According to the Sverdlovsk Governor, he was horrified when he found out how the matters are going on for implementation of the contract. At that time, Uralvagonozavod had only a complete contract with the Chelyabinsk tractor factory on delivery of tank engines. It looked like the partners from Izhevsk, Magnitogorsk, northwest part of Russia had only recently have learnt that they are the participants of the project too. Some plants of VPK (military production complex) that were involved in the project already had suspended the manufacturing facilities, and have dismissed their people.” The delays, in license production, are not without additional costs. For example: the cost of purchasing a T-72M1 from the OFB is still higher than purchasing refurbished or even new build T-72s from abroad. When the production line at Avadi decongests and the T-90 is being churned out, the government will realize that after the costs of production are taken into account, the final price will be higher than the foreign produced T-90s which were supplied in kits. Furthermore, the end product T-90 still has multiple parts' suppliers; this combination increases the chances of not having accountability in the event of glitches or malfunctions. When the problems with the thermal sights first happened, they were covered under factory warranty but as the years go on, it will be up to Indian companies to provide quality assurance and service. When they fail to do this, as in the past, DRDO will need to step in; the technical experience they gain with the Arjun could be invaluable in solving future glitches. When the T-72s had the code-66 quality problem, further delays, in production, were caused by the dispute between HMT and HVF, “HMT, however, refused to undertake repair/revalidation at their cost on the ground that (i) stores had been damaged while storing at HVF, heavy damage had taken place due to improper loose packing done in old and extraordinary big packing cases, (ii) items supplied from 1996 onwards had not been used, (iii) studs in the oil priming pump were broken due to mishandling at HVF, (iv) leakage through breather hole was due to aging effect of oil seal since the stores were kept unused for long duration at HVF and (v) warranty period.”

The necessity for the immediate purchase of T-90s was attributed to the obsolescence of older tank models in the tank inventory; however, Arjun’s recent critics have forgotten that these tanks (T-55s and Vijayantas) should have been replaced with newer build T-72s from Avadi years before the T-90 purchase. Instead of pointing at DRDO and blaming the Arjun project for the shortfall in numbers, perhaps these critics could look to the mismanagement of the existing production line. In one year, for example, Avadi had the potential to create 100-200 tanks per annum; in reality only 70 were produced. In the author’s opinion, it would have been more effective to incorporate the upgraded technological design features (which made the T-90 attractive) into an already existent but expanded T-72 production line. The threat of Pakistan’s T-80s, Type-85s, Al-khalids and Al Zarrars could have been abated through a combination of newer generation ATGMs and upgraded T-72s. The acquisition of fire and forget Atgms, such as the American Javelin or the Israeli Gill, would have provided many of the infantry divisions stationed near the LOC with the ability to repulse any major armored thrusts at a fraction of the cost. Along with the implementation of larger numbers of upgraded T-72s, the IA would be in a better position in the event of a ground war. Many of the older generation T-72s have passed their operational life and need to be replaced. It would be more efficient to replace some of these models with newer builds instead of conducting upgrades and surplus eastern block T-72s could have been a cheap alternative. Although the Arjun’s cost is higher per model, it reflects different abilities and design characteristics. The media continually compares a Leo-2 style tank with a Russian T-series. Arjun's delays reflect the changes in IA specifications and parameters. “The first 120 tanks to be built would cost $4.2 million each, while other cost estimates places the figure at $5.6 million each per tank by 2001, given a purchase of 124 tanks to equip two regiments. Production of the first batch of tanks might take more than the planned five years, given the capacity at the Avadi factory.” The unit price could decrease further with additional orders for Arjun turrets and components, which would be utilized in the ‘Karan’ program. The capabilities between the T-72S, T-80, and the T-90 are marginal. As with aircraft, the deciding factor is the sub-systems and technology that one incorporates. In the modern battlefield, one must not forget about the qualitative edge; however, one must also not forget the age old rule of numbers. 1000 upgraded T-72s offer much more of a tactical advantage than 200 T-90s; and the marginal difference can and is made up through air-power, advanced atgms, and support helicopters. One needs to realize the value of indigenous defense; the “miracle” T-90 purchase is not a complete or efficient solution. Although the production line will stabilize in a few years and the glitches will be worked out, the cost in resources will be exorbitant. Although there is no use in crying over spilt milk, one can always look to the past and learn not to repeat the same mistakes. Hopefully, the government will realize how to better manage facilities and utilize resources and hopefully the media can take this into account and not lay the sole blame on DRDO.

 

[PakSniper]

Yup, I read that report as well awhile ago, also from the get go, I have a feeling this project might be dropped or delayed even further. Recently, India is going to buy Russian T-90s about 1000 of them, and 300 (that to cause of delay in assembly) will come from Russia. I just find it hard to believe a tank will take 2-3 decades to build, M1A1 took about 5-10 years (80's) and bring it into production starting from 1985-1993 and US have about 8,000+ of them and on top of that export with license build for Egypt, and US build for KSA. And the new M1A2 (Mechanized Godzilla rolling land).

 

[Adux]

Its a stupid piece of Engneering, Anyways they should be buying a western tank on ToT. Learn it, and then go for it again. Drop the Project now.

 

[Keysersoze]

Foreign technical know-how demanded for Arjun tanks
New Delhi, March 18: Even seven years after it was cleared for serial production, the country's main battle tank Arjun is yet to pass Army user trials and now recommendations have been made to DRDO to seek foreign tie-ups to overcome shortcomings in the tanks.

Army had put out requirement of 3,500 new tanks for its strike and armoured formations and with the induction of 300 T-90 tanks and upgradation of about 700 T-72 tanks, it is still far short of the mark.

Though the Army has given the nod for 300 more upgraded T-90 tanks to be built at the heavy vehicle factory at Avadi near Chennai, under technology transfer, the remaining Army tank rolls had to be filled by the Mbt Arjun.

Taking exception to what it labelled as "inordinate delay" in induction of these tanks, the parliamentary standing committee on defence has recommended that to remove any flaw or snag, the DRDO should take foreign help.

"The Ministry of Defence should think seriously as how to comply Arjun's requirements in a time-bound manner with the help of private industry-- joint ventureship or otherwise," the high-level committee said in its latest report just tabled in Parliament.

For the past one year, the Army and DRDO have been saying that Arjun would undergo comparative trails against Russian Mbt's T-90 and T-72m, but the exercise is yet to take off.

The committee in its report censured the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) saying it had failed the country in efforts to make it self-reliant in weapons systems and platforms and called for its total revamp by making it accountable through independent performance audits.

"It is perturbing," the committee said, adding "though the government accorded clearance for an indigenous MBT Arjun in May 1974, even after the lapse of 32 years, DRDO could not execute the mission."

"Inordinate delay has escalated the original cost of the MBT project from Rs 15.50 crore in 1974 to Rs 306 crore in 2005," it said, noting "yet no tank in service for all this money".

Army has serious reservation on the tank saying its large silhouette makes it a "sitting duck" in a tank to tank confrontation. Chief of Army Staff Gen J J Singh has said that Army could use the tank in different role in subsidiary sectors of confrontation.



Out of the 124 tanks ordered for production by the government, only 15 tanks have so far been built by the Avadi plant and only five have been given to armoured formations for trials.

While Arjun has been face teething problems, the country's main adversary Pakistan has produced and inducted the MBT al Khalid and Chinese Red Army has already produced fourth of the series of MBTs.

DRDO officials try to make light of the defects claiming that Arjun is far superior to both T-90 and upgraded T-72 tanks boasting of a second generation thermal imager to give it capability to engage targets at 2,500 metres.

"The tank has now been made capable of firing homing anti-tank Lahat missiles from its gun barrel, a capability which only T-90 has," the officials said.

While Pakistan has secured orders for export of al Khalid tanks to Persian Gulf and Arab states, the DRDO is saying that MBT Arjun has a good potential of exports to some "African countries".

They say the entire bulk of 124 tanks would be produced in 2008, but as per figures placed before the Defence Ministry, the Indian tank, priced at Rs 17.20 crore, is proving to be far costlier option than Russian T-90 tanks which the Army is currently buying for just Rs 12 crore a piece.

But for the Army, Arjun seems to be poser as the tank weighs 60 tons compared to 50-ton T-90 and T-72 tanks.

DRDO officials said once they get the Army nod, the heavy vehicle factory could roll out 50 tanks a year by 2009 and they are saying that initial snags could be rectified when future version of Arjun rolls out.

Bureau Report


http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NEWS/newsrf.php?newsid=8417

 

[Keysersoze]

Incidently I have discoverd th reason for the "boxy" shape to the Arjun.
Apparently. If you slope Ceramic armour you expose more of the tiles in the armour package to damage.

 

[con]

Foreign technical know-how demanded for Arjun tanks
New Delhi, March 18: Even seven years after it was cleared for serial production, the country's main battle tank Arjun is yet to pass Army user trials and now recommendations have been made to DRDO to seek foreign tie-ups to overcome shortcomings in the tanks.

Army had put out requirement of 3,500 new tanks for its strike and armoured formations and with the induction of 300 T-90 tanks and upgradation of about 700 T-72 tanks, it is still far short of the mark.

Though the Army has given the nod for 300 more upgraded T-90 tanks to be built at the heavy vehicle factory at Avadi near Chennai, under technology transfer, the remaining Army tank rolls had to be filled by the Mbt Arjun.

Taking exception to what it labelled as "inordinate delay" in induction of these tanks, the parliamentary standing committee on defence has recommended that to remove any flaw or snag, the DRDO should take foreign help.

"The Ministry of Defence should think seriously as how to comply Arjun's requirements in a time-bound manner with the help of private industry-- joint ventureship or otherwise," the high-level committee said in its latest report just tabled in Parliament.

For the past one year, the Army and DRDO have been saying that Arjun would undergo comparative trails against Russian Mbt's T-90 and T-72m, but the exercise is yet to take off.

The committee in its report censured the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) saying it had failed the country in efforts to make it self-reliant in weapons systems and platforms and called for its total revamp by making it accountable through independent performance audits.

"It is perturbing," the committee said, adding "though the government accorded clearance for an indigenous MBT Arjun in May 1974, even after the lapse of 32 years, DRDO could not execute the mission."

"Inordinate delay has escalated the original cost of the MBT project from Rs 15.50 crore in 1974 to Rs 306 crore in 2005," it said, noting "yet no tank in service for all this money".

Army has serious reservation on the tank saying its large silhouette makes it a "sitting duck" in a tank to tank confrontation. Chief of Army Staff Gen J J Singh has said that Army could use the tank in different role in subsidiary sectors of confrontation.



Out of the 124 tanks ordered for production by the government, only 15 tanks have so far been built by the Avadi plant and only five have been given to armoured formations for trials.

While Arjun has been face teething problems, the country's main adversary Pakistan has produced and inducted the MBT al Khalid and Chinese Red Army has already produced fourth of the series of MBTs.

DRDO officials try to make light of the defects claiming that Arjun is far superior to both T-90 and upgraded T-72 tanks boasting of a second generation thermal imager to give it capability to engage targets at 2,500 metres.

"The tank has now been made capable of firing homing anti-tank Lahat missiles from its gun barrel, a capability which only T-90 has," the officials said.

While Pakistan has secured orders for export of al Khalid tanks to Persian Gulf and Arab states, the DRDO is saying that MBT Arjun has a good potential of exports to some "African countries".

They say the entire bulk of 124 tanks would be produced in 2008, but as per figures placed before the Defence Ministry, the Indian tank, priced at Rs 17.20 crore, is proving to be far costlier option than Russian T-90 tanks which the Army is currently buying for just Rs 12 crore a piece.

But for the Army, Arjun seems to be poser as the tank weighs 60 tons compared to 50-ton T-90 and T-72 tanks.

DRDO officials said once they get the Army nod, the heavy vehicle factory could roll out 50 tanks a year by 2009 and they are saying that initial snags could be rectified when future version of Arjun rolls out.

Bureau Report


http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NEWS/newsrf.php?newsid=8417

This is one of those "milk it again" reports. Take all the old comments ad put them together and make a report.The tanks are already in production and this report talks about obtaining israel's help. And for what?

The previous report sums up the problems at the production facilities. With years of TOT and license productions those dorks cannot produce an tank from scratch. DRDO doesnot produce tanks. Production agencies at Avadi do. They are only good at assemblying them not producing.

 

[con]

Its a stupid piece of Engneering, Anyways they should be buying a western tank on ToT. Learn it, and then go for it again. Drop the Project now.

Mate if Avadi cannot assembly together a T-90 do you think they will fare better in assembling a western tank. Problem is not with Arjun,problem is with the units that manufactured them. They have to modernise to produce a tank of Arjun's type. Until them you will keep hearing about "Arjun being sitting duck" crap :wall:

 

[Keysersoze]

I don't think it is an issue of production (or if it is, it is a simple thing to correct) The issue is that of goverment agencies and their ability to screw things up. I shudder to think the number of changes required over the years to the original design.

I think the problem started waaaay back in the 70's when the tank was originally envisaged. I think that the Indian Govt bit off more than it could chew back then. And thus it created a ripple effect which has carried on for 32 years. The nature of tank design evolved over the last 30 years. Consequently the design of the Arjun was forced to keep pace with these developments. The problem is that the requirements are still one step ahead of the abilities to make them real.

 

[con]

I don't think it is an issue of production (or if it is, it is a simple thing to correct) The issue is that of goverment agencies and their ability to screw things up. I shudder to think the number of changes required over the years to the original design.

I think the problem started waaaay back in the 70's when the tank was originally envisaged. I think that the Indian Govt bit off more than it could chew back then. And thus it created a ripple effect which has carried on for 32 years. The nature of tank design evolved over the last 30 years. Consequently the design of the Arjun was forced to keep pace with these developments. The problem is that the requirements are still one step ahead of the abilities to make them real.

The development of Arjun was an example of varying requirements. DRDO always complains that IA just reads a brochue from international companies and demands that it be included in Arjun.That's why you see cermanic armour,MTU engine,120 mm NATO style gun,blast off panel,BMS etc.None of them were present in any of the IA current tanks. If you dont firm your requirement, development will never stop. I currently work in the same kind of situation where my client keeps changing requirements so much that we had to throw off everything every 3 months. :wall:

The first test invariably showed lot of problems. Meanwhile as Pakistan moved on with T-series tanks IA lost interest in Arjun.By the way plan to build one was carried out in the late 70,but the funding started after 80s.
Hence I would not consider it 30 years of development.

Ofcourse since there was no base for a western style tank,it added to the overall delay.

And now the production.Productions lines are jammed with orders for T-72 upgrade,T-90 TOT. Hence they dont bother about Arjun production while is much more complicated. There was news about another Arjun specific line would be opened at BEML(another company which produces heavy vehicles). IA wants 50 Arjuns per year. Avadi is not able to keep up this number as they are overloaded with T-72 and T-90s.

 

[gnat]

completely agreed